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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS AND RELATED IMPACTS

ĐÁNH GIÁ MÔI TRƯỜNG VÀ TÁC ĐỘNG LIÊN QUAN BỐI CẢNH này tác giả đã từng viết về chủ đề đánh giá môi trường bằng cách đưa ra yêu cầu về nội dung điển hình của nó, cũng như các loại chuyên môn được yêu cầu trong việc chuẩn bị Báo cáo tác động môi trường (EIS). Tác giả cũng đã thảo luận một số vấn đề liên quan với quá trình EIS và đã cung cấp một số gợi ý trong việc cải thiện chất lượng các văn bản EIS. Bài viết này xem xét vai trò của EIS ở. | ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS AND RELATED IMPACTS BACKGROUND This author has previously written on the subject of environmental assessment by outlining its typical content requirements as well as the types of expertise that are required in the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement EIS . The author has also discussed some of the problems associated with the EIS process and has provided some suggestions in improving the quality of EIS documents. This paper examines the role of the EIS at the project level where ultimately most decisions of project approvals or denials are made in the 1990s by municipal reviewers rather than by state or federal agencies. INTRODUCTION With the advent of the National Environmental Policy Act i.e. NEPA in 1969 the requirements for environmental impact reporting was originally restricted by the Act to Federal projects or projects subsidized in whole or in part by Federal funding. Since NEPA many states and municipalities have developed their own environmental impact requirements to aid in the review of projects under their jurisdiction. As a result of the above evaluation which has coincided with a general decentralization of power under the Reagan administration the approval or denial of proposals often rest with local review of the environmental impacts of the specific project regardless of its funding source i.e. public or private . The evolution of ultimate decision-making at the local level is inevitable when one considers that the most potentially noxious sitings e.g. nuclear power plants resource recovery facilities airports etc. would be accepted more critically by municipalities serving as potential host communities than by state or federal entities. Since environmental standards promulgated at the federal and state levels can be adopted or be made more restrictive at the municipal level the opportunity presents itself for municipalities to utilize local environmental impact ordinances to tightly regulate land-use .