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EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL AGENTS - CHAPTER 4

Vào cuối những năm 1970, các vật liệu nguy hiểm đội phản ứng đầu tiên đã được thêm vào để cứu hỏa tại Hoa Kỳ sau khi một loạt các xác tàu đường sắt bắt sự chú ý của công chúng. Ngày 25 Tháng 1 1969, một tuyến đường sắt phía Nam Công ty xe lửa trật đường rầy với một cháy, nổ trong Laurel, MS để lại 2 người chết và 33 bệnh viện. Ngày 18 Tháng Hai 1969, hai đoàn tàu trật bánh và một xe bồn phát nổ ở Crete, NE giết chết 9 người và làm. | 4 Standard Operations of Hazardous Material Response Teams HMRTs BACKGROUND AND HISTORY In the late 1970s the first hazardous materials response teams were added to fire departments in the United States after a series of railroad wrecks caught the public s attention. On January 25 1969 a Southern Railway Company train derailed with a fire and explosion in Laurel MS leaving 2 dead and 33 hospitalized. On February 18 1969 two trains derailed and a tank car exploded in Crete NE killing 9 and injuring 53. A Toledo Peoria and Western Railroad train on June 21 1970 derailed with resultant fire in Crescent City IL. Nine tank cars loaded with liquefied petroleum gas LPG ultimately exploded injuring 66 persons and causing the destruction of a number of buildings downtown. A photographer got a picture of the immense fireball that extended upwards about 1000 feet. The photo appeared in all the newspapers and a blown-up version graced the wall of the National Transportation Safety Board in Washington D.C. for many years. On January 22 1972 a tank car loaded with liquefied petroleum gas collided with a hopper car in the Alton Southern Railroad Company s Gateway Yard in East St. Louis MO. The LPG in the tank car leaked to the ground and vaporized. A large vapor cloud was formed which ignited and exploded injuring 230 persons and damaging more than 7.5 million worth of property. A derailment and subsequent burning of a Delaware and Hudson freight train in Oneonta NY injured 54 persons by fire and rocketed parts of four tank cars on February 12 1974. About 4 23 a.m. on the 16th of May 1976 the locomotive and 27 cars of a Chicago and Northwestern freight train derailed and were struck by cars from another train headed the other way a little bit west of Glen Ellyn IL. Fourteen persons were injured by the derailment and the release of anhydrous ammonia. On November 9 1977 a Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company freight derailed and punctured two tank cars of anhydrous ammonia .