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Đầu gối giằng

Các tác giả trình bày một cái nhìn tổng quan về thiết kế và các tính năng chức năng của niềng răng đầu gối và mối quan hệ của mình để cơ chế sinh học đầu gối. Bốn loại niềng răng của đầu gối, | Knee Bracing E. Paul France PhD and Lonnie E. Paulos MD Abstract The authors present an overview of the design and functional features of knee braces and their relationship to knee biomechanics. Four types of knee braces prophylactic rehabilitative functional and patellofemoral have been developed to cover the wide variety of indications in patients who have suffered knee injuries or hope to prevent them. Important considerations when choosing specific brace types are discussed and summaries of relevant research are presented. Clinical criteria for brace selection are offered to help physicians and sports medicine professionals in choosing the right brace for each patient. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1994 2 281-287 The usefulness of bracing for the treatment of knee instabilities has long been a topic of controversy. In spite of patient support for knee braces the majority of clinical and biomechanical studies have demonstrated little or no benefit from these devices under physiologic loading conditions. Despite this controversy clinicians still are required to make informed decisions pertaining to the proper role of knee bracing for their patients. These decisions demand not only an ability to assess the patient s stabilization requirements but also a working knowledge of brace types functional design constraints and effectiveness. The purpose of this article is to summarize the information that will be clinically useful in determining the proper role of bracing in knee injuries. The biomechanics of bracing will be discussed as well as the functional characteristics and efficacy of the four types of knee braces and recommendations for their use. Basic Biomechanics of Bracing Knee Mechanics and Stability The knee and its associated musculature can be viewed as a semiconstrained motion unit with feedback control that responds to internal and external forces to create stable complex three-dimensional joint motions in both the loaded and the unloaded state. During dynamic .