Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Freshwater Bivalve Ecotoxoicology - Chapter 13

Trường hợp nghiên cứu: Tác động của nước Mine một phần xử lý trên sông Ohio (Mỹ) vẹm Bed-Sử dụng nhiều dòng bằng chứng Phân tích tác động Trong tháng 7 năm 1993, một mỏ than dưới lòng đất ở miền nam Ohio đã trải qua một hoạt động khẩn cấp khử nước do lũ lụt gây ra từ một mỏ bị bỏ hoang liền kề. Bởi vì khối lượng to lớn của các nước liên quan (W1 tỷ gallon) và cấp bách của tình hình về bảo vệ hoạt động khai thác khoáng sản, quy định hành động cho phép. | 13 Case Study Impact of Partially Treated Mine Water on an Ohio River U.S.A. Mussel Bed Use of Multiple Lines of Evidence in Impact Analysis Heidi L. Dunn Jerry L. Farris and John H. Van Hassel INTRODUCTION In July 1993 an underground coal mine in southern Ohio underwent an emergency dewatering operation due to flooding from an adjacent abandoned mine. Because of the tremendous volume of water involved 1 billion gallons and the urgency of the situation in terms of preserving the mining operation regulatory action allowed the removed mine water to bypass normal treatment. The mine water therefore only received partial treatment with a caustic to raise the pH. A substantial volume of mine water was released into Parker Run a tributary of Leading Creek in Meigs County Ohio over a 28-day period. Aquatic life was virtually extirpated from approximately 29 km of Parker Run and Leading Creek from the mine-water discharge point to the Leading Creek confluence with the Ohio River due to acidic pH averaging about 4.5 and elevated concentrations of iron copper manganese nickel and zinc. Extensive chemical and biological monitoring was undertaken to document the magnitude of impact caused by the mine-water release and to monitor stream recovery. As part of this program potential impacts on the Ohio River were assessed. In particular freshwater unionid mussel resources were considered at risk because of the known pollution sensitivity of these organisms and the presence of the federally endangered pink mucket Lampsilis abrupta from both upstream and downstream Ohio River pools Zeto et al. 1987 . Mine-water chemistry and its effects on aquatic life have been extensively studied. Mine water is typically characterized by extremely acidic pH 3 and elevated concentrations of several metals particularly iron which can reach concentrations in the thousands of parts per million three orders of magnitude above background concentrations in stream water Parsons 1968 Short et al. 1990 .