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NEPA and Environmental Planning : Tools, Techniques, and Approaches for Practitioners - Chapter 8

Chuẩn bị báo cáo tác động môi trường Chương này tập trung vào việc cung cấp các nhà hoạch định môi trường và các quan chức cơ quan với một sự hiểu biết về các yêu cầu cơ bản theo các bước thủ tục hoặc quy trình phải được theo sau trong việc chuẩn bị một báo cáo tác động môi trường (EIS). Nhấn mạnh được đặt vào việc cung cấp cho người đọc với các công cụ và kỹ thuật cụ thể để tinh giản quá trình EIS. Một phương pháp điều trị toàn diện của tất cả các yêu. | 8 Preparing Environmental Impact Statements This chapter focuses on providing environmental planners and agency officials with an understanding of the basic step-by-step procedural or process requirements that must be followed in preparing an environmental impact statement EIS . Emphasis is placed on providing the reader with specific tools and techniques for streamlining the EIS process. A thorough treatment of all the requirements relevant to the preparation of an EIS is beyond the scope of a single chapter. Thus for a more detailed discussion of the EIS process including the documentation requirements the reader is referred to the companion book Environmental Impact Statements.1 8.1 OVERVIEW OF FUNDAMENTAL EIS CONCEPTS The EIS process consists of two distinct phases which will be described later 1 . Draft EIS 2. Final EIS The term EIS is a generic term used to describe a statement in either its draft or final stage. The EIS process essentially begins at the time an agency first considers a proposed action that may significantly affect the quality of the human environment. As we consider the details of the EIS process the reader should note that the principal purpose of an EIS is to serve as an action-forcing device . to help public officials make decisions that are based on understanding of environmental consequences and take actions that protect . the environment 1500.1 c . The following sections describe fundamental concepts underlying the EIS process. These concepts beginning in Section 8.2 provide the basis for describing the preparation of EISs. 8.1.1 Lead and Cooperating Agencies There are times when an action requiring an EIS may involve two or more federal agencies 1501.6 . The agency ies with overall responsibility for preparing the EIS is referred to as the lead agency 1501.5 1508.16 . State and federal agencies may also serve as joint lead agencies as long as the group includes at least one federal agency 1501.5 b . Any agency ies that assists the .