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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Part 2

Tham khảo tài liệu 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis part 2', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ sinh học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 22 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 5.3.82 Transfer factor The antiviral agent transfer factor did not show a benefit in ALS patients Jonas et al. 1979 Olarte et al. 1979 . 5.3.83 Tretinoin all-trans retinoic acid Tretinoin is the all-trans form of retinoic acid. It has various effects in the nervous system including neuroprotection and neuroregeneration for review see Lee et al. 2009 . In a riluzole add-on phase II study NCT00919555 tretinoin is currently evaluated in combination with pioglitazone. 5.3.84 Trypan blue and trypan red The antimicrobial agents trypan blue and trypan red did not show a beneficial effect in ALS patients Montanari Pessina 1955 Schwob Bonduelle 1952 . 5.3.85 Vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF SNN0029 VEGF is a neuroprotectice and angiogenic growth factor Maurer et al. 2008 . It is currently tested in a phase I II clinical trial NCT00800501 for safety and tolerability of note VEGF must be administered into the CSF. 5.3.86 Verapamil The calcium channel antagonist verapamil showed no beneficial effect in a clinical trail in ALS patients Miller et al. 1996 . 5.3.87 Xaliproden SR57746 The 5HT1R agonist xaliproden is neurotrophic and neuroprotective. It has been evaluated in phase II III trials which showed modest effects on vital capacity but not on survival of ALS patients Lacomblez et al. 2004 Meininger et al. 2004 . 5.3.88 YAM80 There is no drug information available for YAM80 searching literature and chemical databases. YAM80 is evaluated in a phase II study NCT00886977 for safety and efficacy in ALS patients. 5.3.89 Zidovudine The antiviral drug zidovudine did not show a benefit in ALS patients Westarp et al. 1993 . 5.3.90 Preclinical agents The following agents have shown promising results in preclinical assessment but no clinical trials have been conducted Azathioprine glycine the tripeptide zVAD-fmk AM-1241 celastrol dantrolene nordihydroguaiaretic acid RO-28-2653 L-arginine 5-hydroxytryptophan N-acetylated alphalinked acidic .