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Báo cáo nghiên cứu nông nghiệp " review of Common carp breeding program at RIA1-VN "

Common carp is one of the most important cultured species in Vietnam. The goal of the carp breed program was creation of a common carp breed with stable genetic qualities such as fast growth, high survival rate and attractive appearance. In the first phase (1981-1985) the program focused on the assessment of the original carp varieties, which should be used as initial materials for selection. In the second phase (1986-1995) mass individual selection has been carried out among the three hybrid stocks obtained by crossing among Vietnamese white carp, Hungarian scale carp and Indonesian yellow carp | 1 REVIEW OF COMMON CARP BREEDING PROGRAM AT RIA1-VN Mr. Nguyen Huu Ninh RIA1 SUMARy Common carp is one of the most important cultured species in Vietnam. The goal of the carp breed program was creation of a common carp breed with stable genetic qualities such as fast growth high survival rate and attractive appearance. In the first phase 1981-1985 the program focused on the assessment of the original carp varieties which should be used as initial materials for selection. In the second phase 1986-1995 mass individual selection has been carried out among the three hybrid stocks obtained by crossing among Vietnamese white carp Hungarian scale carp and Indonesian yellow carp. Despite the small size of the selected populations the selection pressures for the first five generations in an average were severity of selection 19.8 intensity of selection 1.52 and selection differential 93g. The realized heritability h2 of body weight determined for carp of one of the three stocks was 0.29 in the first generation 0.02 in the second generation but this index declined to around 0 in the fourth generation. The total genetic gain for body weight of selected common carp after five generations was 33 . Thus it was recommended to move to family selection in the next phase 1996-2000 of breeding program however its results were unexpected due to very low realized heritability of almost 0.1 in second selected generation. Continuing third phase breeding program of common carp is also presented in these report which is undergoing at National Broodstocks Center RIA1 by croosbreed between 6 carp populations in prospect to gain genetic variation from improved carp lines and pure carp lines. BACkGROUND According to the estimation of the Ministry of Fisheries MOFI the total fish production of the country in 1998 was 1.67 million tonnes of which around 538 000 tonnes came from aquaculture MOFI 1998 providing nearly 35 of the total animal protein intake of the nation. The main cultured fish .