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Lecture Foundations of nursing: An integrated approach: Chapter 10 - Cliff Evans, Emma Tippins

This chapter addresses two systems commonly not considered as ‘dramatic’ as the cardiovascular or nervous systems, and which to the uninformed may appear more complex. Both are vital in not only maintaining health and well-being, but also life, as illnesses affecting the functioning of these systems can be fatal. | Chapter 10 The Immune, Lymphatics & Endocrine Systems Introduction The Immune system in combination with the lymphatics provides the first line of defence against the potential dangers of the outside world. It provides a pivotal role in preventing disease and destroying malformations from within. The Endocrine system provides the balance for life, regulating and secreting hormones, thereby, maintaining homeostasis. The Major Components of the Immune/Lymphatics & Endocrine Systems The Immune System - Function The immune system is composed of two distinct functioning parts sharing many characteristics: Non-specific defence mechanisms Specific defence mechanisms The skin provides the major component of the non-specific function of immunity. Specific immune responses involve the B and T lymphocytes, proteins produced by the plasma cells - antibodies, along with other chemicals including Immunoglobulins. Working in Combination The immune system is influenced by most of the other systems, in particular the lymphatic, blood, skeletal and endocrine systems. Many life factors can negatively affect the system, including the effects of aging, poor nutrition, and fluid balance, as well as the individual’s emotional wellbeing. Many different aspects need to be considered when assessing an individual’s ability to both prevent and fight infection and to heal injuries. Non-specific Immunity The most obvious physical defence barrier is the skin, often described as the body’s largest organ. The skin itself consists of two layers; the epidermis - sits superficially to the deeper layer the dermis - situated beneath the epidermis The dermis is a much deeper complex layer of the skin incorporating many structures such as sweat glands, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, veins, arteries, lymph vessels, and connective tissue. Non-Specific Immunity Other non-specific components of the immune system are gastric juices (hydrochloric acid) found in the stomach, which destroy many . | Chapter 10 The Immune, Lymphatics & Endocrine Systems Introduction The Immune system in combination with the lymphatics provides the first line of defence against the potential dangers of the outside world. It provides a pivotal role in preventing disease and destroying malformations from within. The Endocrine system provides the balance for life, regulating and secreting hormones, thereby, maintaining homeostasis. The Major Components of the Immune/Lymphatics & Endocrine Systems The Immune System - Function The immune system is composed of two distinct functioning parts sharing many characteristics: Non-specific defence mechanisms Specific defence mechanisms The skin provides the major component of the non-specific function of immunity. Specific immune responses involve the B and T lymphocytes, proteins produced by the plasma cells - antibodies, along with other chemicals including Immunoglobulins. Working in Combination The immune system is influenced by most of the other .