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Lecture Campbell biology: Concepts and connections (Seventh edition) - Chapter 9: Patterns of inheritance

Chapter 9 - Patterns of inheritance. The main contents of this chapter include all of the following: Mendel's laws, variations on Mendel's laws, the chromosomal basis of inheritance, sex chromosomes and sex-linked genes. | Chapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance 0 Dogs are one of man’s longest genetic experiments. Over thousands of years, humans have chosen and mated dogs with specific traits. The result has been an incredibly diverse array of dogs with distinct body types and behavioral traits. 0 Introduction © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 9.0_1 Chapter 9: Big Ideas Mendel’s Laws Variations on Mendel’s Laws The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes Figure 9.0_1 Chapter 9: Big Ideas MENDEL’S LAWS © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 9.1 The science of genetics has ancient roots Pangenesis, proposed around 400 BCE by Hippocrates, was an early explanation for inheritance that suggested that particles called pangenes came from all parts of the organism to be incorporated into eggs or sperm and characteristics acquired during the parents’ lifetime could be transferred to the offspring. Aristotle rejected pangenesis and argued that instead of particles, the . | Chapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance 0 Dogs are one of man’s longest genetic experiments. Over thousands of years, humans have chosen and mated dogs with specific traits. The result has been an incredibly diverse array of dogs with distinct body types and behavioral traits. 0 Introduction © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 9.0_1 Chapter 9: Big Ideas Mendel’s Laws Variations on Mendel’s Laws The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes Figure 9.0_1 Chapter 9: Big Ideas MENDEL’S LAWS © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 9.1 The science of genetics has ancient roots Pangenesis, proposed around 400 BCE by Hippocrates, was an early explanation for inheritance that suggested that particles called pangenes came from all parts of the organism to be incorporated into eggs or sperm and characteristics acquired during the parents’ lifetime could be transferred to the offspring. Aristotle rejected pangenesis and argued that instead of particles, the potential to produce the traits was inherited. 0 © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 9.1 The science of genetics has ancient roots The idea that hereditary materials mix in forming offspring, called the blending hypothesis, was suggested in the 19th century by scientists studying plants but later rejected because it did not explain how traits that disappear in one generation can reappear in later generations. 0 © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 9.2 Experimental genetics began in an abbey garden Heredity is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next. Genetics is the scientific study of heredity. Gregor Mendel began the field of genetics in the 1860s, deduced the principles of genetics by breeding garden peas, and relied upon a background of mathematics, physics, and chemistry. 0 © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 9.2 Experimental genetics began in an abbey garden In 1866, Mendel correctly argued that parents pass on to their offspring discrete “heritable factors” and stressed