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Longman grammar of spoken and written english part 72

working beyond the call of duty to get chapters edited to strict deadlines. Adam Gadsby, (he publisher in charge of this book project from beginning to end, was a dependable and supportive colleague, motivating us through thick and thin in the progress of the book. | 974 THE GRAMMATICAL MARKING OF STANCE Major semantic distinctions conveyed by stance markers 975 Verb 4- complement clause Up to 400 Cuban military advisors are reported to be at fortified bases in northern Panama news Mitscherlich claimed to show that the proportionality factor c was a constant for each fertilizer acadỷ Noun prepositional phrase He found himself menaced by the rumor of another mission to Bologna. eict 12.3.2 Attitudinal stance Stance markers in the second major semantic category report personal attitudes or feelings. Some stance forms in this category seem clearly attitudinal e.g. adverbials such as ironically and fortunately while others seem to mark personal feelings or emotions e.g. verbs such as fear and love or adjectives such as happy and angry controlling complement clauses . Marking attitudes or evaluations Fortunately thừ did not stop the women from trying news Interestingly sudden electrical death is more likely following right coronary artery occlusion acad Marking personal feelings or emotions I was happy to see them again eict I love to have them around me all the time news However the distinction between attitudes and emotions is often fuzzy with many forms seeming to convey both meanings I hope you told him we swear a lot here conv We expect it to contribute 4.5 per cent of profits news Therefore as anticipated hyperparathyroidism is regularly associated with hypophosphatemia. acad J Overall attitudinal stance markers are less common than epistemic markers and they are also more limited grammatically. In particular some adverbial categories such as comment clauses and hedges are not used to mark attitudinal stance. However attitudinal stance can be marked by the other adverbial categories as well as most types of complement clause constructions A Adverbial Amazingly the ghost disappeared after the exorcism news Sadly it is still not known if there are infinitely many regular primes. acad f B Verb adjective noun 4- complement clause