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Assessing the Impact of Transport and Energy Infrastructure on Poverty Reduction - Appendix

Tài liệu nghiên cứu được thực hiện cho hỗ trợ kỹ thuật khu vực (RETA) nhằm đánh giá tình trạng của kiến thức hiện nay về mối liên kết giao thông vận tải và năng lượng để giảm nghèo. Nó đã không đặt câu hỏi về tính hợp lệ của các chứng minh mối quan hệ giữa đầu tư cơ sở hạ tầng và tăng trưởng kinh tế (Kessides, năm 1993 Ngân hàng Thế giới 1994, Canning 1999, Yoshino và Nakahigashi 2000, xem Mody [1997] cho một phân tích về kinh nghiệm châu Á), hoặc giữa tăng trưởng kinh tế. | Appendix LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction The literature review conducted for this regional technical assistance RETA aimed to assess the state of current knowledge on transport and energy linkages to poverty reduction. It did not question the validity of the demonstrated relationships between infrastructure investments and economic growth Kessides 1993 World Bank 1994 Canning 1999 foshino and Nakahigashi 2000 see Mody 1997 for an analysis of the Asian experience or between economic growth and poverty reduction e.g. Dollar and Kraay 2000 see World Bank 1993 for an analysis of the Asian experience . Consequently the review excluded studies that are limited to the linkage between transport and economic growth or between energy and economic growth without an explicit poverty focus. This review focused instead on studies that provide empirical evidence or at least plausible hypotheses linking specific types of transport and energy investments to specific impacts on poverty while this review covered qualitative as well as quantitative studies particular attention was given to the quantitative ones which could provide useful guidance e.g. construction of indicators and indices for the field research. Although a fairly substantial literature on transportpoverty and energy-poverty linkages exists relatively little direct empirical evidence concerns the impact of transport and energy investments on poverty in developing countries particularly in Asia. This is because transport and energy like other infrastructure investments are intermediate goods. They make possible other activities that increase the productivity and enhance the welfare of poor people and they contribute to economic growth that may provide resources to reduce poverty. However the linkage is not a necessary one. Other political socioeconomic and cultural factors are likely to be important determinants of the poverty impact of transport and energy investments. On the basis of the literature prior to 2000 .