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Báo cáo sinh học: "Chromosomal mapping, differential origin and evolution of the S100 gene family"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học thế giới đề tài: Chromosomal mapping, differential origin and evolution of the S100 gene family | Genet. Sel. Evol. 40 2008 449-464 INRA EDP Sciences 2008 DOI 10.1051 gse 2008013 Available online at www.gse-journal.org Original article Chromosomal mapping differential origin and evolution of the S100 gene family Xuan Shang Hanhua Cheng Rongjia Zhou Department of Genetics and Center for Developmental Biology College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China Received 13 October 2007 accepted 21 December 2007 Abstract - S100 proteins are calcium-binding proteins which exist only in vertebrates and which constitute a large protein family. The origin and evolution of the S100 family in vertebrate lineages remain a challenge. Here we examined the synteny conservation of mammalian S100A genes by analysing the sequence of available vertebrate S100 genes in databases. Five S100A gene members unknown previously were identified by chromosome mapping analysis. Mammalian S100A genes are duplicated and clustered on a single chromosome while two S100A gene clusters are found on separate chromosomes in teleost fish suggesting that S100A genes existed in fish before the fish-specific genome duplication took place. During speciation tandem gene duplication events within the cluster of S100A genes of a given chromosome have probably led to the multiple members of the S100A gene family. These duplicated genes have been retained in the genome either by neofunctionalisation and or subfunctionalisation or have evolved into non-coding sequences. However in vertebrate genomes other S100 genes are also present i.e. S100P S100B S100G and S100Z which exist as single copy genes distributed on different chromosomes suggesting that they could have evolved from an ancestor different to that of the S100A genes. chromosome mapping S100 genome duplication synteny vertebrate 1. INTRODUCTION S100 proteins constitute the largest gene family within the EF-hand protein super-family. In 1965 Moore isolated from bovine brain the first protein members of the S100 family S100A1 and S100B