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Making globalization work phần 6

Xu hướng thế tục của giá cả hàng hóa giảm thực tế cuối cùng có thể tái khẳng định bản thân. Biến động giá, hơn nữa, không phải là bất lợi duy nhất đối với các nước chuyên ngành trong các mặt hàng, kể từ khi sản xuất hàng hóa không liên kết với các yếu tố bên ngoài công nghệ và học tập từ thực tế "mà nhiều đặc điểm của sản xuất và các ngành công nghiệp công nghệ theo định hướng dịch vụ. các. | Chapter 4. Globalization agriculture and the Least Developed Countries 83 per capita terms. However recent data for 2000-2005 indicate that there was virtually no increase in output or even a slight decline.2 The situation was the same for per capita staple food production. In addition slow food production growth and sharp annual fluctuations in output remain major and chronic problems for LDCs constituting the major causes of their rising poverty and food insecurity. Between the periods 19951997 and 2002-2004 the proportion of undernourished in the total population of LDCs increased from 34 percent to 41 percent while the absolute number of undernourished is estimated to have increased from 116 million to 169 million.3 The domestic environment for LDCs opportunities and challenges Abundant resource potential to expand agriculture The most fundamental factor influencing the agricultural production potential of a country is the availability of arable land. Land is the essential prior resource needed for crop animal and forestry production. LDCs have widely diverse agro-ecological situations with varying availability and quality of arable land and varying climatic conditions. Prospects for agricultural development necessarily hinge on these considerations. Although the ratio of abandoned land to total land area on average for LDCs has not changed much in the last three to four decades at 62 percent this ratio exceeds the average in 18 LDCs and is over 90 percent in a number of them. In the bulk of LDCs abandoned area occupies between 30 and 60 percent of total land area. In contrast agricultural area occupies around 38 percent of total land area between 2000 and 2003. During this same period the proportion of arable agricultural land stood at 18 percent with only 1.5 percent under permanent cultivation. In order to classify countries in terms of their potential for agricultural production the Food and Agriculture Organization FAO undertook a ranking on the basis of .