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Lecture Mosby's paramedic textbook (4th ed) - Chapter 27: Immunology

This chapter include objectives: Identify the purpose of the patient care report; describe the uses of the patient care report; outline the components of an accurate, thorough patient care report; describe the elements of a properly written emergency medical services (EMS) document; describe an effective system for documenting the narrative section of a prehospital patient care report;. | 9/10/2012 1 Chapter 27 Immunology 2 Lesson 27. 1 Immune System, Allergic Reaction, and Anaphylaxis 3 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 1 9/10/2012 Learning Objectives • Outline the structure of the immune system. • Describe the antigen‐antibody response. • Distinguish between natural and acquired immunity. 4 Learning Objectives • Differentiate between a normal immune response and an allergic reaction. • Distinguish between the four types of hypersensitivity reaction. • Describe signs and symptoms and management of local allergic reactions based on an understanding of the pathophysiology associated with this condition. 5 Learning Objectives • Identify allergens associated with anaphylaxis. • Describe the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and management of non‐systemic allergic reaction. • Describe the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and management of anaphylaxis. 6 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 2 9/10/2012 Immune System Overview • Complex network of cells, tissues, organs – Work together to protect body against “attacks” by foreign substances – Most are pathogenic microbes or pathogens – Examples • • • • Bacteria Parasites Fungi Viruses that can cause infection 7 Immune System Overview • Primary role – Prevent these foreign substances from entering body – If fails, launch attack so foreign bodies are found and destroyed • Organs of immune system include spleen, tonsils, adenoids, lymph nodes, thymus – Organs are positioned throughout body – Important outposts for lymphocytes—“key players” in immune system 8 9 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 3 9/10/2012 Lymphocyte • Fundamental cellular unit of immune system • 25 percent of circulating white blood cells are lymphocytes • Divided into two major classes – B lymphocytes (B cells) – T lymphocytes (T cells) – .