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Effect of genotypical factors on the effectiveness of anther culture in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

The aim of this study was to determine the androgenic capacity of some eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) varieties and breeding lines, and to establish the effectiveness of androgenesis induction in the less responsive genotypes by crossing with more responsive genotypes that have a high ability for haploid embryo formation. | Turkish Journal of Biology Turk J Biol (2013) 37: 499-505 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/biy-1210-38 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/biology/ Research Article Effect of genotypical factors on the effectiveness of anther culture in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) 1, 2 Sevinç BAŞAY *, Şeküre Şebnem ELLİALTIOĞLU Karacabey Vocational School, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey 2 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey 1 Received: 22.10.2012 Accepted: 08.03.2013 Published Online: 30.07.2013 Printed: 26.08.2013 Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the androgenic capacity of some eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) varieties and breeding lines, and to establish the effectiveness of androgenesis induction in the less responsive genotypes by crossing with more responsive genotypes that have a high ability for haploid embryo formation. Flower buds containing greenish-yellow anthers were collected when the microspores were at the late uninucleate stage, which is equivalent to a bud size where petals are not visible. The anthers were kept in the dark at 35 °C for 8 days, then incubated with a 12 h light period at 25 °C for 4 days on C medium, and then transferred to solid R medium, supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose and 0.1 mg/L kinetin. Topan, Halep Karası, and Teorem F1 varieties and 2 breeding lines [Vd-1 and Vd-2 (LS 2346)] that have a tolerance to Verticillium dahliae Kleb. were used as the plant materials during the first part of the study. Haploid embryos were obtained from Topan and Halep Karası at the rate of 4.16% and 2.63%, respectively. The responses of Topan and Halep Karası eggplant varieties to the anther culture were better than those of the Teorem F1 cultivar and the Vd-1 and Vd-2 lines. Because of their responses to anther culture, the Topan and Halep Karası varieties were used as donor parents, and they were crossed with the other 3 genotypes (Teorem F1, Vd-1, and Vd-2) reciprocally. Gametic embryogenesis .