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english sound structure part 10

english sound structure part 10. Bài tập luyện ngữ pháp tiếng anh cho mọi người, đây là tài liệu hay và hữu ích có thể giúp các bạn có thể nắm vững được các ngữ pháp tiếng anh cụ thể. | 114 Melody 1 It is usually acknowledged that at least as far as the West Germanic family of 1 languages is concerned long tends to correlate with tense and short with lax. i However there has not always been agreement on the question of which of the two dimensions is the more basic in English. In SPE it is assumed that length is J derivative of tenseness. According to an older tradition length is the fundamen- 1 tai distinctive property which is not necessarily uniformly correlated with tenseness.50 The latter view has re-established itself in more recent generative 1 theory.51 This is partly a reflection of a desire to restrict the conditioning of metrical processes to aspects of prosodic structure. As discussed in 2.3.2 the quantity-sensitivity of stress assignment is expressed by granting metrical processes access to the arboreal structure internal to rhymes. By representing the contrast between long and short vowels as a difference between branching and non- branching nuclei we derive the result that heavy nuclei pattern with closed J rhymes in terms of their ability to attract stress. To grant metrical processes access to melodic material including whatever component is involved in the expression of .-tenseness is to open the way for the generation of unattested systems in which stress assignment is sensitive to such dimensions as vowel height backness or roundness. Once length is acknowledged to be the fundamental dichotomizing property of the English vowel system the question of how tenseness ATR should be represented 3 takes on a good deal less significance than when considered in relation to many other languages. English shows little evidence of phonological activity involving the ATR dimension it certainly has nothing equivalent to the vigorous ATR harmony systems found in many other languages particularly well represented in West Africa . There have been two approaches to the characterization of ATR in privative frameworks. One is to recognize an .