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A DICTIONARY OF BASIC JAPANESE GRAMMAR – PART 7

Tham khảo tài liệu 'a dictionary of basic japanese grammar – part 7', ngoại ngữ, nhật - pháp - hoa- others phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | owaru 363 Formation Vmasu owaru finish talking hanashiowaru finish eating tabeowaru a t Xằ w to tZo Yatto ronbun o kakiowatta. I finally finished writing a paper. b j 9 ẻỉ Chõdo gohan o tabeowatta tokoro desu. I ve just finished eating my meal. I Notes J 1. owaru is an auxiliary verb derived from the intransitive verb owaru meaning end comes to a close . 2. owaru can be replaced by oeru in written Japanese. oerut however conjugates as a Gr. 2 verb. 10 364 rareru1 rareru1 aux- v- Gr. 2 A state or an action cannot be con- s trolled by s.o. or s.t. _ _ _ _ _ _ be -ed get -ed REL. o ni naru rareru2 Key Sentences A Topic subject Agent Transitive Verb passive Jã 5 Ị 11 1ET ị K tz Mc fcmtLfco Ichiro wa Hanako ni damasareta damasaremashita. Ichiro was deceived by Hanako. B Topic subject Agent Intransitive Verb passive ị 1 7 1 ỹ K ị ỈC Jẽn wa Fureddo ị ni yoru osoku apãto ni korareta ỉlỉkỉlẨ Lfco koraremashita. Fred came to Jane s apartment late at night and Jane was unhappy . C R Topic subject Agent Direct Object Transitive Verb passive Watashi 1 wa otõto 1-ni kẽki o n ĩz kiiẳ Lfco taberareta ị taberaremashita. Lit. I got my cake eaten by my younger brother. My younger brother ate my cake and I was unhappy . D Topic subject Verb passive Tanaka-sensei 11 wa 0 - Nihon e L7io kaerareta kaeraremashita. Prof. Tanaka went back to Japan. Honorific rarerux 365 Formation i Gr. 1 Verbs Vneg Ỉ1Ỉ reru ủồ Ò be told hanasareru ii Gr. 2 Verbs Vstem btiZ rareru be eaten taberareru iii Irr. Verbs - s.o. X comes to s.o. Y and Y is kuru korareru unhappy -J-6 - be done suru sareru a 0 Kono biru wa ninen mae ni taterareta. This building was built two years ago. b 1965 7 7 9 arfflJKSftfco Kono hon wa 1965 nen ni Amerika de shuppansareta. This book was published in America in 1965. c Watashi wa ninen mae tsuma nt shinareta. My wife died two years ago and gave me sorrow . d R Harada-san wa okusan ni takai kõto o kawareta. Mr. Harada s wife bought an expensive coat and he is .