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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard Part 9

Môi trường là nơi chứa đựng, đồng hóa các chất thải của con người trong quá trình sử dụng các tài nguyên thải vào môi trường. Các tài nguyên sau khi hết hạn sử dụng, chúng bị thải vào môi trường dưới dạng các chất thải. | 228 Olsson compounded crises and how these are affected by the media context in which they are communicating. In drawing upon previous literature in the field the following research questions have guided the study how and by whom are the situation its causes and solutions framed Based on the analysis the article ends by proposing propositions for further research on responsibility framing in climate change induced compounded crises. 1.1. Responsibility framing In general framing theory can be seen as a combination of different aspects of content analyses ranging from agenda setting to discourse theory. The power of frames depends on their ability to categorize and connect bits of information into a coherent whole Gamson 1992 . Frames can be studied at different levels of detail where scholars such as Semetko and Valkenburg 2000 and Iyengar 1991 argue for the study of so-called meta-frames. This article does not examine the meta-framing of the drought but concentrates on various frames applied by actor groups quoted in the coverage. In line with Gurevitch and Levy 1985 p.19 framing is here understood as a contest or power struggle between different actors where media perform a vital function in acting as a battlefield for politicians social groups institutions and ideologies. Media research on responsibility framing has traditionally focused on common overarching frames employed by journalists such as diagnostic frames which identify the problem and diagnose the cause of the problem prognostic frames which provide information on what ought to be done and motivation frames which suggest remedies Gamson 1992 Gerhards and Rucht 1992 Entman 2003 . An underlying notion of all three frames is journalists power to assign legitimacy to actors. This process can be thought of in terms of status conferral which means that journalists mediate status to actors by connecting them with certain issues and values. Simonson 1999 p. 109 states that Via the status conferral function .