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Báo cáo y học: " Interactions between HIV infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Clinical and epidemiological aspects"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: " Interactions between HIV infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Clinical and epidemiological aspects. | Raynaud et al. Respiratory Research 2011 12 117 http respiratory-research.eom content 12 1 117 RESPIRATORY RESEARCH REVIEW Open Access Interactions between HIV infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Clinical and epidemiological aspects Christine Raynaud1 f Nicolas Roche2t and Christos Chouaid3t Abstract Introduction An association between HIV infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD has been observed in several studies. Objective and methods we conducted a review of the literature linking HIV infection to COPD focusing on clinical and epidemiological data published before and during widespread highly active antiretroviral therapy HAART . Results Interactions between HIV infection and COPD appear to be influenced by multiple factors. In particular the bronchopulmonary tract can be damaged by HIV infection the immunodeficiency it induces and the resulting increase in the risk of pulmonary infections. In addition the prevalence of smoking and intravenous drug use is higher in HIV-infected populations also increasing the risk of COPD. Before the advent of HAART respiratory tract infections probably played a major role. Since the late 1990s and the widespread use of HAART the frequency of opportunistic infections has fallen but new complications have emerged as life expectancy has increased. Conclusion given the high prevalence of smoking among HIV-infected patients COPD may contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in this setting. Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD is defined by slowly progressive incompletely reversible chronic airflow obstruction. Smoking is the main risk factor but the mechanisms linking smoking to COPD are not completely clear although they are known to involve inflammation oxidative stress proteolytic injury and both innate and acquired immunity 1 2 . Active smoking and frequent exacerbations often related to lower respiratory tract viral or bacterial colonization and infection are .