Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Community Participation and Geographic Information Systems - Chapter 6

Việc sử dụng của GIS của các tổ chức cộng đồng làm việc để cải thiện điều kiện ở Mỹ các khu vực đô thị, các khu phố bên trong thành phố đặc biệt là đau khổ, có được một trung tâm tập trung trong các cuộc tranh luận về tiềm năng của công nghệ này cho bên lề và trao quyền (Sawicki và Craig 1996, Barndt 1998; Elwood Leitner năm 1998; Ramasubramanian 1998; Ghose 1999; Elwood 2000). Văn học này cung cấp mô tả phong phú trong những cách mà trong đó các nhóm cộng đồng kinh nghiệm độc. | Chapter 6 The impacts of GIS use for neighbourhood revitalization in Minneapolis Sarah Elwood 6.1 INTRODUCTION1 The use of GIS by community organizations working to improve conditions in US urban areas particularly distressed inner-city neighbourhoods has been a central focus in debates about the potential of this technology for marginalization and empowerment Sawicki and Craig 1996 Barndt 1998 Elwood and Leitner 1998 Ramasubramanian 1998 Ghose 1999 Elwood 2000 . The literature provides rich description of the ways in which these community groups experience unique needs and constraints with respect to gaining access to and using this technology. Nonetheless the use of GIS by these organizations is proliferating rapidly. The primary purpose of this chapter is to describe the use and impacts of GIS in neighbourhood improvement efforts. This information is drawn from participant observation archival research and intensive interviews I conducted with a Minneapolis inner-city neighbourhood group. After a brief description of neighbourhood conditions and concerns I describe the organization s strategies for gaining access to GIS outlining factors that have facilitated and limited their access to and use of GIS and digital data. Then I examine their application of these tools to critical issues and discuss some of the impacts of these efforts on participation and power within the neighbourhood. 6.2 GIS USE IN COMMUNITY-BASED HOUSING IMPROVEMENT Powderhorn Park is a neighbourhood in south central Minneapolis centered around a large park with a lake Figure 6.1 . With the exception of its northern border which is a major commercial corridor for the city the neighbourhood is largely residential. Powderhorn Park s approximately 8 000 residents are multi-racial and multi-ethnic and the neighbourhood is home to a growing number of recent immigrants from around the world. The neighbourhood faces a familiar set of inner-city concerns including loss 2002 Taylor Francis 78 S. Elwood