WAGE RETURNS FOR POST -SECONDARY EDUCATION: A COMPARISON FOR SELECTED PROGRAMS BY LEVELS OF EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY TYPE The potential effects of school choice programs depend critically on what characteristics parents value in schools. Hanushek, for example, notes that parents might not choose effective schools over others that are less effective but offer pleasant surroundings, athletic facilities, [and] cultural advantages, (1981, p. 34). To the extent that parents choose productive schools, market discipline can induce greater productivity from school administrators and teachers. If parents primarily value other features, however, market discipline may be less successful
